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Content of this page is taken from http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/bukhari/
Translation
of Sahih Bukhari, Book 15:
Wills and Testaments (Wasaayaa)
Volume 4, Book 51,
Number 1:
Narrated Abdullah bin Umar: Allah's Apostle
said, "It is not permissible for any Muslim
who has something to will to stay for two nights
without having his last will and testament written
and kept ready with him."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
2:
Narrated Amr bin Al-Harith:
(The brother of the wife of Allah's Apostle.
Juwaira bint Al-Harith) When Allah's Apostle died,
he did not leave any Dirham or Dinar (i.e. money),
a slave or a slave woman or anything else except
his white mule, his arms and a piece of land which
he had given in charity .
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
3:
Narrated Talha bin Musarrif:
I asked 'Abdullah bin Abu Aufa "Did the
Prophet make a will?" He replied,
"No," I asked him, "How is it then
that the making of a will has been enjoined on
people, (or that they are ordered to make a
will)?" He replied, "The Prophet
bequeathed Allah's Book (i.e. Quran)."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
4:
Narrated Al-Aswad:
In the presence of 'Aisha some people mentioned
that the Prophet had appointed 'Ali by will as his
successor. 'Aisha said, "When did he appoint
him by will? Verily when he died he was resting
against my chest (or said: in my lap) and he asked
for a wash-basin and then collapsed while in that
state, and I could not even perceive that he had
died, so when did he appoint him by will?"
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
5:
Narrated Sad bin Abu Waqqas:
The Prophet came visiting me while I was (sick)
in Mecca, ('Amir the sub-narrator said, and he
disliked to die in the land, whence he had already
migrated). He (i.e. the Prophet) said, "May
Allah bestow His Mercy on Ibn Afra (Sad bin Khaula)."
I said, "O Allah's Apostle! May I will all my
property (in charity)?" He said,
"No." I said, "Then may I will half
of it?" He said, "No". I said,
"One third?" He said: "Yes, one
third, yet even one third is too much. It is
better for you to leave your inheritors wealthy
than to leave them poor begging others, and
whatever you spend for Allah's sake will be
considered as a charitable deed even the handful
of food you put in your wife's mouth. Allah may
lengthen your age so that some people may benefit
by you, and some others be harmed by you." At
that time Sad had only one daughter.
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
6:
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas:
I recommend that people reduce the proportion
of what they bequeath by will to the fourth (of
the whole legacy), for Allah's Apostle said,
"One-third, yet even one third is too
much."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
7:
Narrated Sad:
I fell sick and the Prophet paid me a visit. I
said to him, "O Allah's Apostle! I invoke
Allah that He may not let me expire in the land
whence I migrated (i.e. Mecca)." He said,
"May Allah give you health and let the people
benefit by you." I said, "I want to will
my property, and I have only one daughter and I
want to will half of my property (to be given in
charity)." He said," Half is too
much." I said, "Then I will one
third." He said, "One-third, yet even
one-third is too much." (The narrator added,
"So the people started to will one third of
their property and that was Permitted for
them.")
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
8:
Narrated 'Aisha:
(the wife of the Prophet) Utba bin Abi Waqqas
entrusted (his son) to his brother Sad bin Abi
Waqqas saying, "The son of the slave-girl of
Zam'a is my (illegal) son, take him into your
custody." So during the year of the Conquest
(of Mecca) Sad took the boy and said, "This
is my brother's son whom my brother entrusted to
me." 'Abu bin Zam's got up and said, "He
is my brother and the son of the slave girl of my
father and was born on my father's bed." Then
both of them came to Allah's Apostle and Sad said,
"O Allah's Apostle! This is my brother's son
whom my brother entrusted to me."
Then 'Abu bin Zam'a got up and said, "This
is my brother and the son of the slave-girl of my
father." Allah's Apostle said, "O Abu
bin Zam'a! This boy is for you as the boy belongs
to the bed (where he was born), and for the
adulterer is the stone (i.e. deprivation)."
Then the Prophet said to his wife Sauda bint Zam'a,
"Screen yourself from this boy," when he
saw the boy's resemblance to 'Utba. Since then the
boy did not see Sauda till he died.
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
9:
Narrated Anas:
A Jew crushed the head of a girl between two
stones. She was asked, "Who has done so to
you, so-and-so? So-and-so?" Till the name of
the Jew was mentioned, whereupon she nodded (in
agreement). So the Jew was brought and was
questioned till he confessed. The Prophet then
ordered that his head be crushed with stones.
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
10:
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas:
The custom (in old days) was that the property
of the deceased would be inherited by his
offspring; as for the parents (of the deceased),
they would inherit by the will of the deceased.
Then Allah cancelled from that custom whatever He
wished and fixed for the male double the amount
inherited by the female, and for each parent a
sixth (of the whole legacy) and for the wife an
eighth or a fourth and for the husband a half or a
fourth.
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
11:
Narrated Abu Huraira:
A man asked the Prophet, "O Allah's
Apostle! What kind of charity is the best?"
He replied. "To give in charity when you are
healthy and greedy hoping to be wealthy and afraid
of becoming poor. Don't delay giving in charity
till the time when you are on the death bed when
you say, 'Give so much to so-and-so and so much to
so-and so,' and at that time the property is not
yours but it belongs to so-and-so (i.e. your
inheritors)."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
12:
Narrated Abu Huraira:
The Prophet said, "The signs of a
hypocrite are three: Whenever he speaks he tells a
lie; whenever he is entrusted he proves dishonest;
whenever he promises he breaks his promise."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
13:
Narrated 'Urwa bin Az-Zubair: Hakim bin Hizam
said, "I asked Allah's Apostle for something,
and he gave me, and I asked him again and he gave
me and said, 'O Hakim! This wealth is green and
sweet (i.e. as tempting as fruits), and whoever
takes it with
The upper (i.e. giving) hand is better than the
lower (i.e. taking) hand." Hakim added,
"I said, O Allah's Apostle! By Him Who has
sent you with the Truth I will never demand
anything from anybody after you till I die."
Afterwards Abu Bakr used to call Hakim to give him
something but he refused to accept anything from
him. Then 'Umar called him to give him (something)
but he refused. Then 'Umar said, "O Muslims!
I offered to him (i.e. Hakim) his share which
Allah has ordained for him from this booty and he
refuses to take it." Thus Hakim did not ask
anybody for anything after the Prophet, till he
died--may Allah bestow His mercy upon him.
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
14:
Narrated Ibn Umar:
I heard Allah's Apostle saying, "All of
you are guardians and responsible for your
charges: the Ruler (i.e. Imam) is a guardian and
responsible for his subjects; and a man is a
guardian of his family and is responsible for his
charges; and a lady is a guardian in the house of
her husband and is responsible for her charge; and
a servant is a guardian of the property of his
master and is responsible for his charge." I
think he also said, "And a man is a guardian
of the property of his father."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
15:
Narrated Anas:
The Prophet said to Abu Talha, "I
recommend that you divide (this garden) amongst
your relatives." Abu Talha said, "O
Allah's Apostle! I will do the same." So Abu
Talha divided it among his relatives and cousins.
Ibn 'Abbes said, "When the Qur'anic Verse:
"Warn your nearest kinsmen." (26.214)
Was revealed, the Prophet started calling the
various big families of Quraish, "O Bani Fihr!
O Bani Adi!".
Abu Huraira said, "When the Verse:
"Warn your nearest kinsmen" was
revealed, the Prophet said (in a loud voice),
"O people of Quraish!"
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
16:
Narrated Abu Huraira:
When Allah revealed the Verse: "Warn your
nearest kinsmen," Allah's Apostle got up and
said, "O people of Quraish (or said similar
words)! Buy (i.e. save) yourselves (from the
Hellfire) as I cannot save you from Allah's
Punishment; O Bani Abd Manaf! I cannot save you
from Allah's Punishment, O Safiya, the Aunt of
Allah's Apostle! I cannot save you from Allah's
Punishment; O Fatima bint Muhammad! Ask me
anything from my wealth, but I cannot save you
from Allah's Punishment."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
17:
Narrated Anas:
The Prophet saw a man driving a Badana (i.e.
camel for sacrifice) and said to him, "Ride
on it." The man said, "O Allah's
Apostle! It is a Bandana." (The Prophet
repeated his order) and on the third or fourth
time he said, "Ride it, (woe to you" or
said: "May Allah be merciful to you)."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
18:
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Allah's Apostle saw a man driving a Badana and
said to him, "Ride on it," and on the
second or the third time he added, "Woe to
you."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
19:
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas:
The mother of Sad bin 'Ubada died in his
absence. He said, "O Allah's Apostle! My
mother died in my absence; will it be of any
benefit for her if I give Sadaqa on her
behalf?" The Prophet said, "Yes,"
Sad said, "I make you a witness that I gave
my garden called Al Makhraf in charity on her
behalf."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
20:
Narrated Kab bin Malik:
I said, "O Allah's Apostle! For the
acceptance of my repentance I wish to give all my
property in charity for Allah's sake through His
Apostle ." He said, "It is better for
you to keep some of the property for
yourself." I said, "Then I will keep my
share in Khaibar."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
21:
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas:
Some people claim that the order in the above
Verse is cancelled, by Allah, it is not cancelled,
but the people have stopped acting on it. There
are two kinds of guardians (who are in charge of
the inheritance): One is that who inherits; such a
person should give (of what he inherits to the
relatives, the orphans and the needy, etc.), the
other is that who does not inherit (e.g. the
guardian of the orphans): such a person should
speak kindly and say (to those who are present at
the time of distribution), "I can not give it
to you (as the wealth belongs to the
orphans)."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
22:
Narrated 'Aisha:
A man said to the Prophet, "My mother died
suddenly, and I think that if she could speak, she
would have given in charity. May I give in charity
on her behalf?" He said, "Yes! Give in
charity on her behalf."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
23:
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas:
Sad bin Ubada consulted Allah's Apostle saying,
"My mother died and she had an unfulfilled
vow." The Prophet said, "Fulfill it on
her behalf."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
24:
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas:
That the mother of Sad bin Ubada the brother of
Bani Saida died in Sad's absence, so he came to
the Prophet saying, "O Allah's Apostle! My
mother died in my absence, will it benefit her if
I give in charity on her behalf?" The Prophet
said, "Yes." Sad said, "I take you
as my witness that I give my garden Al-Makhraf in
charity on her behalf."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
25:
Narrated Az-Zuhri:
Urwa bin Az-Zubair said that he asked 'Aisha
about the meaning of the Quranic Verse:--
"And if you fear that you will not deal
fairly with the orphan girls then marry (other)
women of your choice." (4.2-3)
Aisha said, "It is about a female orphan
under the guardianship of her guardian who is
inclined towards her because of her beauty and
wealth, and likes to marry her with a Mahr less
than what is given to women of her standard. So
they (i.e. guardians) were forbidden to marry the
orphans unless they paid them a full appropriate
Mahr (otherwise) they were ordered to marry other
women instead of them. Later on the people asked
Allah's Apostle about it. So Allah revealed the
following Verse:--
"They ask your instruction (O Muhammad!)
regarding women. Say: Allah instructs you
regarding them..." (4.127)
and in this Verse Allah indicated that if the
orphan girl was beautiful and wealthy, her
guardian would have the desire to marry her
without giving her an appropriate Mahr equal to
what her peers could get, but if she was
undesirable for lack of beauty or wealth, then he
would not marry her, but seek to marry some other
woman instead of her. So, since he did not marry
her when he had no inclination towards her, he had
not the right to marry her when he had an interest
in her, unless he treated her justly by giving her
a full Mahr and securing all her rights.
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
26:
Narrated Ibn 'Umar:
In the lifetime of Allah's Apostle , Umar gave
in charity some of his property, a garden of
date-palms called Thamgh. 'Umar said, "O
Allah's Apostle! I have some property which I
prize highly and I want to give it in
charity." The Prophet; said, "Give it in
charity (i.e. as an endowment) with its land and
trees on the condition that the land and trees
will neither be sold nor given as a present, nor
bequeathed, but the fruits are to be spent in
charity." So 'Umar gave it in charity, and it
was for Allah's Cause, the emancipation of slaves,
for the poor, for guests, for travelers, and for
kinsmen. The person acting as its administrator
could eat from it reasonably and fairly, and could
let a friend of his eat from it provided he had no
intention of becoming wealthy by its means.
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
27:
Narrated 'Aisha:
The following Verse:--
"If a guardian is well-off, let him claim
no remuneration (i.e. wages), but if he is poor,
let him have for himself what is just and
reasonable." (4.6)
was revealed in connection with the guardian of
an orphan, and it means that if he is poor he can
have for himself (from the orphan's wealth) what
is just and reasonable according to the orphan's
share of the inheritance.
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
28:
Narrated Abu Huraira:
The Prophet said, "Avoid the seven great
destructive sins." The people enquire,
"O Allah's Apostle! What are they? "He
said, "To join others in worship along with
Allah, to practice sorcery, to kill the life which
Allah has forbidden except for a just cause,
(according to Islamic law), to eat up Riba
(usury), to eat up an orphan's wealth, to give
back to the enemy and fleeing from the battlefield
at the time of fighting, and to accuse, chaste
women, who never even think of anything touching
chastity and are good believers.
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
29:
Narrated Anas:
When Allah's Apostle came to Medina; he did not
have any servant. Abu Talha (Anas' step-father)
took me to Allah's Apostle and said, "O
Allah's Apostle! Anas is a wise boy, so let him
serve you." So, I served him at home and on
journeys. If I did anything, he never asked me why
I did it, and if I refrained from doing anything,
he never asked me why I refrained from doing it.
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
30:
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
Abu Talha had the greatest wealth of date-palms
amongst the Ansar in Medina, and he prized above
all his wealth (his garden) Bairuha', which was
situated opposite the Mosque (of the Prophet ).
The Prophet used to enter It and drink from its
fresh water. When the following Divine Verse
came:--
"By no means shall you attain piety until
you spend of what you love," (3.92)
Abu Talha got up saying. "O Allah's
Apostle! Allah says, 'You will not attain piety
until you spend of what you love,' and I prize
above al I my wealth, Bairuha' which I want to
give in charity for Allah's Sake, hoping for its
reward from Allah. So you can use it as Allah
directs you." On that the Prophet said,
"Bravo! It is a profitable (or perishable)
property. (Ibn Maslama is not sure as to which
word is right, i.e. profitable or perishable.) I
have heard what you have said, and I recommend
that you distribute this amongst your
relatives." On that Abu Talha said, "O
Allah's Apostle! I will do (as you have
suggested)." So, Abu Talha distributed that
garden amongst his relatives and cousins.
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
31:
Narrated Ibn Abbas:
A man said to Allah's Apostle , "My mother
died, will it benefit her if I give in charity on
her behalf?" The Prophet replied in the
affirmative. The man said, "I have a garden
and I make you a witness that I give it in charity
on her behalf."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
32:
Narrated Anas:
When the Prophet ordered that the mosque be
built, he said, "O Bani An-Najjar! Suggest to
me a price for this garden of yours." They
replied, "By Allah! We will demand its price
from none but Allah."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
33:
Narrated Ibn 'Umar:
When 'Umar got a piece of land in Khaibar, he
came to the Prophet saying, "I have got a
piece of land, better than which I have never got.
So what do you advise me regarding it?" The
Prophet said, "If you wish you can keep it as
an endowment to be used for charitable
purposes." So, 'Umar gave the land in charity
(i.e. as an endowments on the condition that the
land would neither be sold nor given as a present,
nor bequeathed, (and its yield) would be used for
the poor, the kinsmen, the emancipation of slaves,
Jihad, and for guests and travelers; and its
administrator could eat in a reasonable just
manner, and he also could feed his friends without
intending to be wealthy by its means."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
34:
Narrated Ibn 'Umar:
Umar got some property in Khaibar and he came
to the Prophet and informed him about it. The
Prophet said to him, "If you wish you can
give it in charity." So 'Umar gave it in
charity (i.e. as an endowment) the yield of which
was to be used for the good of the poor, the
needy, the kinsmen and the guests.
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
35:
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
When Allah's Apostle came to Medina, he ordered
that a mosque be built. He said, "O Bani An-Najjar!
Suggest me a price for the garden of yours."
They replied, "By Allah, we will not ask its
price except from Allah."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
36:
Narrated Ibn 'Umar:
Once 'Umar gave a horse in charity to be used
in holy fighting. It had been given to him by
Allah's Apostle . 'Umar gave it to another man to
ride. Then 'Umar was informed that the man put the
horse for sale, so he asked Allah's Apostle
whether he could buy it. Allah's Apostle replied,
"You should not buy it, for you should not
take back what you have given in charity."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
37:
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Allah's Apostle said, "My heirs will not
inherit a Dinar or a Dirham (i.e. money), for
whatever I leave (excluding the adequate support
of my wives and the wages of my employees) is
given in charity."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
38:
Narrated Ibn 'Umar:
When 'Umar founded an endowment he stipulated
that its administrator could eat from it and also
feed his friend on the condition that he would not
store anything for himself from it.
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
39:
Narrated Anas:
The Prophet said (at the time of building the
Mosque), "O Ban, An-Najjar! Suggest to me a
price for your garden." They replied,
"We do not ask its price except from
Allah."
Volume 4, Book 51, Number
40:
Narrated Jabir bin 'Abdullah Al-Ansari:
My father was martyred on the day (of the
Ghazwa) of Uhud and left six daughters and some
debts to be paid. When the time of plucking the
date-fruits came, I went to Allah's Apostle and
said, "O Allah's Apostle! you know that my
father was martyred on Uhud's day and owed much
debt, and I wish that the creditors would see
you." The Prophet said, "Go and collect
the various kinds of dates and place them
separately in heaps"' I did accordingly and
called him. On seeing him, the creditors started
claiming their rights pressingly at that time.
When the Prophet saw how they behaved, he went
round the biggest heap for three times and sat
over it and said, "Call your companions (i.e.
the creditors)." Then he kept on measuring
and giving them, till Allah cleared all my
father's debts. By Allah, it would have pleased me
that Allah would clear the debts of my father even
though I had not taken a single date to my
sisters. But by Allah, all the heaps were
complete, (as they were) and I looked at the heap
where Allah's Apostle was sitting and noticed as
if not a single date had been taken thereof.
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