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Content of this page is taken from http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/bukhari/
Translation
of Sahih Bukhari, Book 15:
Transferance of a Debt from
One Person to Another (Al-Hawaala)
Volume 3, Book 37,
Number 486:
Narrated Abu Huraira:
The Prophet said, "Procrastination (delay)
in paying debts by a wealthy man is injustice. So,
if your debt is transferred from your debtor to a
rich debtor, you should agree."
Volume 3, Book 37, Number
487:
Narrated Abu Huraira:
The Prophet said, "Procrastination (delay)
in paying debts by a wealthy person is injustice.
So, if your debt is transferred from your debtor
to a rich debtor, you should agree."
Volume 3, Book 37, Number
488r:
Narrated Salama bin Al-Akwa:
Once, while we were sitting in the company of
Prophet, a dead man was brought. The Prophet was
requested to lead the funeral prayer for the
deceased. He said, "Is he in debt?" The
people replied in the negative. He said, "Has
he left any wealth?" They said,
"No." So, he led his funeral prayer.
Another dead man was brought and the people said,
"O Allah's Apostle! Lead his funeral
prayer." The Prophet said, "Is he in
debt?" They said, "Yes." He said,
"Has he left any wealth?" They said,
''Three Dinars." So, he led the prayer. Then
a third dead man was brought and the people said
(to the Prophet ), Please lead his funeral
prayer." He said, "Has he left any
wealth?" They said, "No." He asked,
"Is he in debt?" They said, ("Yes!
He has to pay) three Diners.', He (refused to pray
and) said, "Then pray for your (dead)
companion." Abu Qatada said, "O Allah's
Apostle! Lead his funeral prayer, and I will pay
his debt." So, he led the prayer.
Volume 3, Book 37, Number
488h:
Narrated Abu Huraira:
The Prophet said, "An Israeli man asked
another Israeli to lend him one thousand Dinars.
The second man required witnesses. The former
replied, 'Allah is sufficient as a witness.' The
second said, 'I want a surety.' The former
replied, 'Allah is sufficient as a surety.' The
second said, 'You are right,' and lent him the
money for a certain period. The debtor went across
the sea. When he finished his job, he searched for
a conveyance so that he might reach in time for
the repayment of the debt, but he could not find
any. So, he took a piece of wood and made a hole
in it, inserted in it one thousand Dinars and a
letter to the lender and then closed (i.e. sealed)
the hole tightly. He took the piece of wood to the
sea and said. 'O Allah! You know well that I took
a loan of one thousand Dinars from so-and-so. He
demanded a surety from me but I told him that
Allah's Guarantee was sufficient and he accepted
Your guarantee. He then asked for a witness and I
told him that Allah was sufficient as a Witness,
and he accepted You as a Witness. No doubt, I
tried hard to find a conveyance so that I could
pay his money but could not find, so I hand over
this money to You.' Saying that, he threw the
piece of wood into the sea till it went out far
into it, and then he went away. Meanwhile he
started searching for a conveyance in order to
reach the creditor's country.
One day the lender came out of his house to see
whether a ship had arrived bringing his money, and
all of a sudden he saw the piece of wood in which
his money had been deposited. He took it home to
use for fire. When he sawed it, he found his money
and the letter inside it. Shortly after that, the
debtor came bringing one thousand Dinars to him
and said, 'By Allah, I had been trying hard to get
a boat so that I could bring you your money, but
failed to get one before the one I have come by.'
The lender asked, 'Have you sent something to me?'
The debtor replied, 'I have told you I could not
get a boat other than the one I have come by.' The
lender said, 'Allah has delivered on your behalf
the money you sent in the piece of wood. So, you
may keep your one thousand Dinars and depart
guided on the right path.' "
Volume 3, Book 37, Number
489:
Narrated Said bin Jubair:
Ibn Abbas said, "In the verse: To every
one We have appointed ' (Muwaliya Mawaliya means
one's) heirs (4.33).' (And regarding the verse)
'And those with whom your right hands have made a
pledge.' Ibn 'Abbas said, "When the emigrants
came to the Prophet in Medina, the emigrant would
inherit the Ansari while the latter's relatives
would not inherit him because of the bond of
brotherhood which the Prophet established between
them (i.e. the emigrants and the Ansar). When the
verse: 'And to everyone We have appointed heirs'
(4.33) was revealed, it cancelled (the bond (the
pledge) of brotherhood regarding
inheritance)." Then he said, "The verse:
To those also to whom your right hands have
pledged, remained valid regarding co-operation and
mutual advice, while the matter of inheritance was
excluded and it became permissible to assign
something in one's testament to the person who had
the right of inheriting before.
Volume 3, Book 37, Number
490:
Narrated Anas:
Abdur-Rahman bin 'Auf came to us and Allah's
Apostle established a bond of brotherhood between
him and Sad bin Rabi'a.
Volume 3, Book 37, Number
491:
Narrated Asim:
I heard Anas bin Malik, "Have you ever
heard that the Prophet said, 'There is no alliance
in Islam?' " He replied, "The Prophet
made alliance between Quarish and the Ansar in my
house."
Volume 3, Book 37, Number
492:
Narrated Salama bin Al-Akwa:
A dead person was brought to the Prophet so
that he might lead the funeral prayer for him. He
asked, "Is he in debt?" When the people
replied in the negative, he led the funeral
prayer. Another dead person was brought and he
asked, "Is he in debt?" They said,
"Yes." He (refused to lead the prayer
and) said, "Lead the prayer of your
friend." Abu Qatada said, "O Allah's
Apostle! I undertake to pay his debt."
Allah's Apostle then led his funeral prayer.
Volume 3, Book 37, Number
493:
Narrated Jabir bin 'Abdullah:
Once the Prophet said (to me), "If the
money of Bahrain comes, I will give you a certain
amount of it." The Prophet had breathed his
last before the money of Bahrain arrived. When the
money of Bahrain reached, Abu Bakr announced,
"Whoever was promised by the Prophet should
come to us." I went to Abu Bakr and said,
"The Prophet promised me so and so." Abu
Bakr gave me a handful of coins and when I counted
them, they were five-hundred in number. Abu Bakr
then said, "Take twice the amount you have
taken (besides)."
Volume 3, Book 37, Number
494:
Narrated Aisha:
(wife of the Prophet) Since I reached the age
when I could remember things, I have seen my
parents worshipping according to the right faith
of Islam. Not a single day passed but Allah's
Apostle visited us both in the morning and in the
evening. When the Muslims were persecuted, Abu
Bakr set out for Ethiopia as an emigrant. When he
reached a place called Bark-al-Ghimad, he met Ibn
Ad-Daghna, the chief of the Qara tribe, who asked
Abu Bakr, "Where are you going?" Abu
Bakr said, "My people have turned me out of
the country and I would like to tour the world and
worship my Lord." Ibn Ad-Daghna said, "A
man like you will not go out, nor will he be
turned out as you help the poor earn their living,
keep good relation with your Kith and kin, help
the disabled (or the dependents), provide guests
with food and shelter, and help people during
their troubles. I am your protector. So, go back
and worship your Lord at your home." Ibn Ad-Daghna
went along with Abu Bakr and took him to the
chiefs of Quraish saying to them, "A man like
Abu Bakr will not go out, nor will he be turned
out. Do you turn out a man who helps the poor earn
their living, keeps good relations with Kith and
kin, helps the disabled, provides guests with food
and shelter, and helps the people during their
troubles?"
So, Quraish allowed Ibn Ad-Daghna's guarantee
of protection and told Abu- Bakr that he was
secure, and said to Ibn Ad-Daghna, "Advise
Abu Bakr to worship his Lord in his house and to
pray and read what he liked and not to hurt us and
not to do these things publicly, for we fear that
our sons and women may follow him." Ibn Ad-Daghna
told Abu Bakr of all that, so Abu- Bakr continued
worshipping his Lord in his house and did not pray
or recite Qur'an aloud except in his house. Later
on Abu Bakr had an idea of building a mosque in
the court yard of his house. He fulfilled that
idea and started praying and reciting Qur'an there
publicly. The women and the offspring of the
pagans started gathering around him and looking at
him astonishingly. Abu Bakr was a softhearted
person and could not help weeping while reciting
Qur'an. This horrified the pagan chiefs of Quraish.
They sent for Ibn Ad-Daghna and when he came, they
said, "We have given Abu Bakr protection on
condition that he will worship his Lord in his
house, but he has transgressed that condition and
has built a mosque in the court yard of his house
and offered his prayer and recited Qur'an in
public. We are afraid lest he mislead our women
and offspring. So, go to him and tell him that if
he wishes he can worship his Lord in his house
only, and if not, then tell him to return your
pledge of protection as we do not like to betray
you by revoking your pledge, nor can we tolerate
Abu Bakr's public declaration of Islam (his
worshipping)."
'Aisha added: Ibn Ad-Daghna came to Abu Bakr
and said, "You know the conditions on which I
gave you protection, so you should either abide by
those conditions or revoke my protection, as I do
not like to hear the 'Arabs saying that Ibn Ad-Daghna
gave the pledge of protection to a person and his
people did not respect it." Abu Bakr said,
"I revoke your pledge of protection and am
satisfied with Allah's protection." At that
time Allah's Apostle was still in Mecca and he
said to his companions, "Your place of
emigration has been shown to me. I have seen salty
land, planted with date-palms and situated between
two mountains which are the two ,Harras." So,
when the Prophet told it, some of the companions
migrated to Medina, and some of those who had
migrated to Ethiopia returned to Medina. When Abu
Bakr prepared for emigration, Allah's Apostle said
to him, "Wait, for I expect to be permitted
to emigrate." Abu Bakr asked, "May my
father be sacrificed for your sake, do you really
expect that?" Allah's Apostle replied in the
affirmative. So, Abu Bakr postponed his departure
in order to accompany Allah's Apostle and fed two
camels which he had, with the leaves of Samor
trees for four months.
Volume 3, Book 37, Number
495:
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Whenever a dead man in debt was brought to
Allah's Apostle he would ask, "Has he left
anything to repay his debt?" If he was
informed that he had left something to repay his
debts, he would offer his funeral prayer,
otherwise he would tell the Muslims to offer their
friend's funeral prayer. When Allah made the
Prophet wealthy through conquests, he said,
"I am more rightful than other believers to
be the guardian of the believers, so if a Muslim
dies while in debt, I am responsible for the
repayment of his debt, and whoever leaves wealth
(after his death) it will belong to his heirs.
"
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